I just spent way too much time thinking about this. From a Star Trek canon perspective, I think a transporter requires some flavour of unobtanium (dilithium, gold pressed latinum or something else that the writers say can't be replicated). Outside of Star Trek, I'd need plans for a teleporter to feed into my replicator.

But as mcroft points out above, a replicator and a transporter are probably effectively the same thing. And really, once you get that going, you end up in a Charlie Stross Glasshouse type situation, and everything goes all post-human.